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NIKKIS TOURS OF INDIA
 
 
ARUNACHAL PRADESH - Right at the top of north-eastern India, crowning its six clustered sisters like a protective helmet, is Arunachal Pradesh, the `Land of the Dawn-lit- Mountains,’ or “The Land of the Rising Sun’. This is the first Indian soil to greet the morning sun. Dawn first illuminates Arunachal's border with China: a long border, which stretches all the way from its east, over to its northern boundaries and down to its north- western edge where it merges with Tibet. To its west is Bhutan and on its southern end it touches Assam, Nagaland and Burma before sweeping up to China.

Itanagar is the capital of this state. The capital is a scatter of light, earthquake-proof, wood frame buildings rising up the slopes of a green hill. Traditional huts are scattered amongst the more recent constructions and the residence of the Lt. Governor crowns one peak while a new Buddhist temple crowns the other. Between them lie the administrative offices, shops, the bazar and thatched huts.

Arunachal Pradesh, one of the most sparsely populated states of India, covers an area of 83743 sq. Kms. It is a land of lush green forests, deep river valleys and beautiful plateaus. The land is mostly mountainous with the Himalayan range along the northern borders criss-crossed with ranges running north south.These divide the state into five river valleys: the Kameng, the Subansiri, the Siang, the Lohit and the Tirap. All these are fed by snow from the Himalayas and countless rivers and rivulets.

Namdapha National Park in Arunachal Pradesh

For the truly dedicated wilderness and wildlife fan, a visit to the Namdapha National Park is a challenging goal. A unique feature of the park is that it is the only one park in the world in which four of the great felines are found viz., the tiger, the leopard, the snow leopard and the clouded leopard. It is also an ideal for trekking and hiking.

 
ASSAM - is the largest of the states in the northeast of India. Assam is wedged into a green valley with the Himalayan foothills in the north and the state of Meghalaya in the south. With the mighty Brahmaputra River raging through it, Assam is one of the most fertile states in India spread over 800kms of lush forests and paddy fields. Best known for its terraced tea gardens that produces some of the world’s finest tea, Assam is also famous for its game parks, Manas and Kaziranga Park, both known for their population of one horned Indian rhinoceros, a species that faced extinction. Both these are must see places in Assam. Assam also boasts of numerous golf courses dotting the many tea estates.
Assam, with an abundance of natural beauty, is one of the most fascinating travel destinations in India. Visit here and spend some time amidst sheer natural beauty that includes a variety of flora and fauna, blue hills and green tea. The major places of interest include Kamakhya temple, Basistha Ashram, Zoo, Gita mandir, Nabagraha temple and Assam State Museum.
Assam's famed tea plantations
Guwahati, the capital has an inspired location on the banks of the River Brahmaputra. The ancient city of Pragjyotishpur or the light of east is the site of modern Guwahati.

Kaziranga National Park - Situated on the south bank of the Brahmaputra River, Kaziranga National Park is famous for the stronghold of the armoured one-horned Indian Rhinocerous. The Sanctuary provides unique setting for a sight of its best-known wild life including birds.

 
BIHAR - an eastern Indian state, has an unmatched history anywhere in the world. Bihar lies in the fertile Gangetic plains, and is part of the Hindi heartland of India. It is not only the place of birth of Buddhism and Jainism, but also the land that helped in the growth of Sikhism and Hinduism. The city of Patliputra was largest and grandest in the world and touched the height of glory during the reign of Chanakya and Chandragupta Maurya. It was the center of first republic in the world at Vaishali. Even today, the state is politically very active and also the largest mineral producing region in India. It is bordered in the north by Nepal, in the west by Uttar Pradesh, in south by Jharkhand, and in east by West Bengal.

History, religion, education and culture – these words characterize Bihar with one caveat - endemic lawlessness and rampant corruption have made one of India’s richest states the poorest, most dangerous and most backward of states. Despite its notoriety as the scam state of India where everything from public office to college degrees are saleable commodities, it is a holy site because of three Great Souls who walked and preached on this land – Lord Buddha, Lord Mahavira and Guru Nanak. Bihar in tote is a pilgrimage for the adherents of all the major religions founded on its sacred land. Of all India’s states, Bihar is the one most intimately linked to the Buddha’s life, resulting in a trail of pilgrimages, which have come to be known as the Buddhist circuit.

Bihar - The birth place of Buddhism
The Buddhist trail begins at the capital city, Patna, where a noteworthy museum contains a collection of Hindu and Buddhist sculptures. The Khuda Baksh Oriental Library has rare Muslim manuscripts including some from the University of Cordoba in Spain. 40 km away, Vaishali was the site for the second Buddhist Council as the presence of ruins testifies.

90 km south of Patna is Nalanda, which translates as ’the place that confers the lotus’ (of spiritual knowledge). A monastic university flourished here from the 5th to the 11th century. It is said to have contained nine million books, with 2,000 teachers to impart knowledge to 10,000 students who came from all over the Buddhist world. Lord Buddha himself taught here and Hieun Tsang, the 7th century Chinese traveller, was a student. Ongoing excavations have uncovered temples, monasteries and lecture halls.

Rajgir, ‘the royal palace’, 12 km south, was the venue for the first Buddhist Council. The Buddha spent five years at Rajgir after having attained enlightenment, and many of the remains at Rajgir commemorate various incidents, the hill of Gridhrakuta being perhaps the most important, as this is where the Buddha delivered most of his sermons. Bodhgaya is the spot where Lord Buddha attained enlightenment, with the Mahabodhi Temple marking the precise location.

Patna - 'The imperial city' Patna, once called Pataliputra, the capital of Bihar is among the world's oldest capital cities with unbroken history of many centuries as imperial metropolis.

A very fertile arched stretch of land along the bank of the Ganga, the history and heritage of modern day Patna go back well over two millennia. Like Delhi, Patna too had been the regal seat of governance for successive kingdoms since ancient times. And to this day, it is the capital city of the state.

Each ruler ascended in power and established dynastic glory; he gave his capital a new name. Thus the ancient Kusumpura metamorphosed through Pushpapura, Pataliputra, Azeemabad and now into Patna, a continuous history ranging from 6th century BC to present times

Vaishali today is a small village surrounded by banana and mango groves and rice fields. But excavations in the area have brought to light an impressive historical past. The epic Ramayana tells the story of the heroic King Vishal who ruled here. Historians maintain that one of the world's first democratic republics with an elected assembly of representatives flourished here in the 6th century B.C. in the time of the Vajjis and the Lichhavis. And while Pataliputra, capital of the Mauryas and the Guptas, held political sway over the Gangetic plain, Vaishali was a rich center for trade and industry.

Lord Buddha visited this place frequently and at Kolhua, close by, preached his last sermon. To commemorate the event, Emperor Ashoka, in the third century B.C. erected one of his famous lion pillars here.

Jainism, too, has its origins in Vaishali, for in 527 B.C., Lord Mahavir was born on the outskirts of the city, and lived in Vaishali till he was 22. Vaishali is then twice blessed and remains an important pilgrim center for both Buddhists and Jains, attracting also historians foraging for the past.

Gaya - Bihar has some of the most sacred Buddhist and Hindu shrines. Gaya is one of the most important pilgrimage places for the Hindus. It is believed that a Hindu will reach heaven if his last rites are offered under the celebrated ’Akshayabat’ or immortal banyan tree, standing in the yard of Vishnupad temple. Believed to be built on the footsteps of Vishnu. the grand temple was renovated by Ahalyabai, queen of Indore.

Bodhgaya is one of the sacred places for the Buddhists as well as for the Hindus. Here under the Bodhi Tree, Gautama attained supreme knowledge to become Budhha, the `Enlighted One'.

Nalanda - Founded in the 5th century A.D. Nalanda is known as the ancient seat of learning. World's most ancient University lies in ruins, which is 62 kms from Bodhgaya and 90 kms south of Patna. Emperor Ashoka built many monasteries, temples and Viharas here.

Ranchi is picturesquely situated in the valley of Chotanagpur at an altitude of 2140 feet (654.5 meters) above sea level. It is well known for its scenic attractions waterfalls, salubrious climate, glades, barren rocks and verdant hillocks. It has a number of industrial fields. Ranchi is also a central place for the study of tribal ways of life.

Jamshedpur (Tatanagar) - This is the place where the foundation of Indian Steel Industry was laid in the end of the last century. Late Jamshedji was the founder of this city who founded Tata Iron and Steel Company at this site. This city is named after the founder and has two names Jamshedpur & Tatanagar. It is heavily industrialized but very clean and modern.

 
WEST BENGAL - The State of West Bengal located in the eastern part of India has a total geographical area of 88,752 sq km of which the recorded forest area comprises 11,879 sq km or 13.38% of the total area. The Protected Areas (Sanctuaries and National Parks) cover 34% of the recorded forestland and 4% of the total geographical area of the State.

Altitudinal, physiographic and climatic variations have contributed to diverse ecosystems, habitats and wildlife forms in the state. 15 Wildlife Sanctuaries, 5 National Parks and 2 Tiger Reserves provide a home for the State's wildlife - Tigers, Leopards, Elephants, Rhinoceros, Indian Bison, Sloth Bear, Himalayan Black Bear, Sambar, Cheetal, Hog-deer, Barking deer, Wild Boar, Saltwater Crocodiles, Common Langur and Rhesus Monkeys. Bird life also abounds and some of the last remaining water bodies harbor a large population of local migratory birds during the winter months.

West Bengal has 18 districts and Calcutta serves as the state capital. There are over 23 towns with over 100,000 population. The largest cities are Calcutta, Howrah, Asansol, Durgapur and Siliguri. Other important towns include Darjeeling, Kharagpur and Haldia. Calcutta is amongst the largest metropolitan regions in the world.

Kolkatta (Calcutta) - Grown from mangrove swamps, Calcutta is the largest metropolis in India. Calcutta's role in the national economy is of crucial importance as the Gateway to Eastern India. Ships were the beginning of Calcutta's history & the river Hoogly was the key to the city's fortunes.
Victoria monument - Calcutta

Calcutta is the gateway to Eastern India. This is a city with a rich heritage, bustling streets and bewildering variety of facets. From October to March, Calcutta wears a radiant look. Sunshine, mild winter, lights, colours, fairs, festivals, galas and excursions, the mood is infectious and spirit sweeping.

The state is well known for its superb arts ad crafts made of silk, ivory, shola, conchshell, dhokra and beautiful clay models. Also worth mentioning are Baluchari saris and the famous woollen carpets, blankets as well as knitted garments.

Sunderbans - Take a a thrilling cruise through the largest estuarine delta in the world and see the biggest colony of the `Royal Bengal Tigers'.

Jaldapara Sanctuary - Jaldapara Wild Life Sanctuary situated in Alipurduar Sub-Division of Jalpaiguri district in West Bengal was constituted in the year of 1941 for the protection of wild life, particularly single horned Rhinos.

Shantiniketan - An International University founded by Nobel Laureate Rabindranath Tagore where the cultures of the East & the West could meet and mingle. Named Vishva-Bharati, the University represents Indian traditions while incorporating the best of other cultures. Shantiniketan, the abode of peace, was initially an Ashram or hermitage founded in 1863 by Maharishi Devendranath Tagore

Vishnupur - Terracotta, metalware & temples characterize Vishnupur. The temples are built mostly of brick & at times, of laterite stones. Vishnupur is also famous for its distinct style of music, i.e. the Vishnupur Gharana, if not anything else. The name of Jadu Bhatt, the music teacher to Rabindranath Tagore, is remembered with respect to this day.

Darjeeling is nestied in a setting of Kanchenjunga and Mount Everest, Tibetan Monasteries, Himalayan Tribal Life, Pine Trees etc. Which make her qualify as the queen of the hill stations.

Kalimpong - Just 51 kms east of Darjeeling is situated the picturesque town of Kalimpong, the former headquarters of the Bhutanese Governor. Situated at an altitude of 1250 meters between the Deolo and Durbindra Hills, Kalimpong is an ideal place for a quiet holiday amidst gently rolling hills and deep valleys at the foot of the mighty Himalayas.

Buxa Tiger Reserve was set up in the year of 1982-83 at the northeastern corner of West Bengal bordering Bhutan and Assam. Numerous rivulets dissect this picturesque reserve with its prodigious Terai, Bhabar as well as Hilly landscape. It was declared a National Park in January 1992.

 

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